Introduction


"Participation", "local development" and "governance" are all
thematic renewed on the international development scene
and which relate to the role of the state in terms of skills and territory.
The dissemination of these concepts back specifically to the dissemination of
neoliberal ideas and the vision of a minimum state, valued - and as,
funded by international donors - on these criteria. Thus, tool, the
governance is a normative concept in 1996 with the concept of "good
governance ", which defines a framework for evaluation according to criteria of readability
public action, accessible to all, of accountability, with assessments
technical and financial mobilization and management skills
in the implementation of aid programs 1. To this are added the privatization
utilities, public / private partnerships and "profitable" character
operations. We talk about governance in many fields, such as
access to justice or the natural resource management (NRM). in
this area, the promotion of associations / groups of farmers
between these considerations put forward by the public /
and private support to decentralization.