This case explores the corporate social responsibility in its current manifestations but also in dynamics and it is to understand the different levels of CSR macro, meso and micro social as it is played, to take account of ideational and material dimensions to build a framework for observing this phenomenon and its origins, but also to arm the critical thinking and foresight of its stakeholders. Because the problem is actually quite simple: CSR can contribute to the establishment of a new compromise postfordien, enabling sustainable development in our times of globalization? If so, how, under what conditions? After a prologue introducing CSR in companies organized in a network and then as a contested field, this issue focuses on the dynamics of the inclusion of CSR in the representations, discourses and negotiations. It then discusses the dynamics of the inclusion of CSR into business practices. It continues by exploring the origins of CSR and the differentiation of its inclusion in national dynamics. It concludes with a discussion of historical to attract attention to the structural ambivalence of CSR. It is not intended to provide a clear answer to the problems raised and consistent but, more modestly, to participate in a research effort absolutely essential at a time when humanity takes new risks even as it has learned to produce the tangible and intangible resources that could allow him to cope.