Much has been said and written about work motivation since the advent of modern organizations. Management theories of motivation have focused their input on the identification of external stimuli that could be operated by organizations and over, the managers, with a view to stimulate the motivation of individuals. This article proposes a reversal of approach. Work motivation is understood as a highly dynamic individual resulting from the investment activities of three registers: Bonds, Initiatives and Aspirations. These three books are indispensable to each individual to work and are specific to each (the content varies from one individual to another) and are constantly changing, as and when they are actually invested and that the individual gets older. This conceptualization builds a new approach to the management of organizational motivation: the direction it proposes is to make each individual work of both the guardian and regulator of its Obligations / Initiatives / Aspirations.

Past ten years, literature is an increasing number of works trying to identify the different levers to operate to encourage innovation within companies. In continuation of this work focused on the emergence of a "culture of innovation," the state of the art made ​​in this article allows us to bring about a feeling of "psychological safety" is the only means that:
- Members of the organization are not paralyzed by fear of failure and continue to offer bold initiatives,
- These players learn from the mistakes that will inevitably be committed during the innovation process and are able to no longer reproduce. We suggest, as such, some lines of thought to create a culture of "room for error" in organizations, starting with the consolidation of the reward and sanction systems by the inclination of the direction to "Legends" failures. We stress however that this may be possible in the context of American culture is not necessarily in that of French culture.